Modern manufacturing processes or equipment - Laser Cutting Research Paper

Present day fabricating procedures or gear - Laser Cutting - Research Paper Example The liquid material is expelled from the slicing front through a pressurized gas fly (Dahotre and Harimkar, 2008). The pressurized help gas likewise encourages material expulsion through concoction response, for example, by oxidizing the material. The procedure of material slicing continues through the cutting front development over the plane of the material. The movement of either the work piece or potentially engaged shaft comparative with one another executes the procedure. Note that laser cutting is a repeatable, solid, and rapid method that can be applied to materials of different thicknesses and types to produce extremely clean-cuts with tight widths. The procedure is explicitly fit as a semi or completely computerized cutting procedure for high creation volumes. At first, the modern use of laser cutting included the cutting of spaces in kick the bucket sheets utilizing a 200W laser. Today, laser machines can cut a wide assortment of metallic materials including superalloys, metal, aluminum, prepares, and copper, and nonmetallic materials, for example, quartz, elastic, fabric, wood, plastic , and fired (Dahotre and Harimkar, 2008). Borade (2012) states that the laser cutting procedure involves laser shaft emanation when invigorated by a lasing material (radio recurrence or a gas). The incitement is affected when the lasing material is presented to electrical charges a nook. When the incitement of laser material happens, the pillar is reflected and bobbed off from a fractional mirror. The pillar is allowed to accumulate adequate vitality and quality before being discharged as a fly of monochromatic steady light. The light further experiences the focal point, and is engaged to shape an extraordinary bar that is under 0.0125 of an inch in distance across. The width of the shaft can be balanced dependent on the material to be cut. The width can be as little as 0.004 inches. The surface material’s purpose of

Presented in the play Essay Example For Students

Introduced in the play Essay Mr Hale starts by inspecting the young ladies who are still in a daze for indications of the fallen angel. The primary young lady he inspects is Betty Parriss then he requests to see Ruth Putnam. While seeing Ruth Putnam he asks the individuals in the room if there had been any uncommon conduct and Reverend Parriss mentions to him what he found in the forested areas and who he saw including his niece Abigail and his little girl Betty. Obviously Abigail who is in the room is interrogated regarding the occasions of that night and she just attempts to clarify that they were moving, moving was not permitted however didn't hold the punishment of death. At the point when apparently Mr Hale is getting progressively worried about the soup they were making and a frog hopping into the soup Abigail understands that she could be in a difficult situation. All the young ladies were brought to the congregation to be addressed by Mr Hale and when Mr Hale inquired as to whether there was a throwing of spells Mary Warren focuses at Abigail and Abigail denies throwing any spells and faults Tituba. All the fault is presently being laid on this poor dark young lady who was at no more shortcoming than any of different young ladies found in the forested areas. Abigail says that all the spells cast were from Tituba and this puts Tituba in an awful position she likewise needs to discover an exit from. To escape this hazardous circumstance Tituba concedes that the villain is with her however Mr Hale says Tituba is the eyes of God and it is now that things get ugly. Tituba begins naming individuals she has seen with the fallen angel Sarah Good, Goody Osbourn When this name is referenced Mrs Putnam who has three dead youngsters presently accuses Goody Osbourn for the loss of these kids as she was the birthing specialist. Out of nowhere Betty wakes and names George Jacobs as being with the fallen angel and furthermore Goody Howe with the villain and Martha Bellows. They continue shouting names out not understanding what awful issues will happen along these lines. The young ladies currently observe out of being denounced as witches, they should simply say they have seen others with the fiend and that they are the eyes of God. John Proctor is recounted the detainment of numerous ladies from Salem and he can hardly imagine how such a significant number of ladies have been placed into prison. His significant other discloses to him that Abigail is evidently the most burdened of the considerable number of young ladies. The scenes in the film show John and his better half talking as equivalents to each other. John tells his significant other that Abigail let him know precisely what went on in the forested areas and Goody Proctor discloses to him he should go to the court and tell the adjudicators exactly what Abigail has said yet John realizes that when Abigail revealed to him these things they were separated from everyone else and it will be hard to demonstrate. There is a great deal of pressure among John and his significant other as to what occurred among John and Abigail and their story is extremely just equivalent to a story today of infidelity and a spouse excusing however not overlooking what has occurred. Numerous adjudicators have been acquired to Salem to pass judgment on the charged. The women need to admit to being witches and on the off chance that they do so they won't hang. This must be extremely hard for the charged in light of the fact that they need to confess to something that they are not and be marked a witch forever. .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca , .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca .postImageUrl , .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca , .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca:hover , .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca:visited , .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca:active { border:0!important; } .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca:active , .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca:hover { mistiness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enrichment: underline; } .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ub6018f2de c41900f986b085059c918ca .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ub6018f2dec41900f986b085059c918ca:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Tartuffe †A Monolog From The Play By Moliere Essay Research PaperWe additionally observe as of now Putnam having warmed contentions with both John Proctor and Mr Jacobs as to land lines. In the long run Mr Jacobs is additionally marked a witch by Ruth Putnam which shows how the town all in all was utilizing this witch chase to exact revenge on individuals who they abhorred. Presently we see a worker of the Proctors, Mary Warren who is going each day to the witch preliminaries and John is irritated with her for doing as such. Mary Warren advises the Proctors that she needs to go to court as she is an authority and she il luminates Goody Proctor that she has been blamed for being a witch however this had been excused by the court. She presents Goody Proctor with a little cloth doll she has made while sitting in court. Mary Warren won't tell the Proctors who blamed Goody Proctor for being a witch. Goody Proctor knows that it is Abigail who has blamed her for black magic, she knows and it was clear to me that Abigail was attempting to discover a method of disposing of Johns spouse. Truly Abigail realizes that Goody Proctor doesn't lie and won't confess to being a witch and will in this manner hang.

Film adaptation of who is afraid of virginia woolf Essay Example

Film adjustment of who fears virginia woolf Essay Example Film adjustment of who fears virginia woolf Paper Film adjustment of who fears virginia woolf Paper Similar Literature goes past semantic and national limits and gives expansive global point of view on artistic impacts and analogies, topics, abstract developments and scholarly sorts and structures. It likewise examines the crossing points of writing with different types of social articulation, for example, show, visual expressions, music, and film. Abstract adjustment of movies is one of the disputable domains of near writing and film examines. Considering artistic adjustments expands understanding f accounts In various structures, composed on page and played on the screen. One of the shopping center talks in video form adjustment considers depends on the thought of loyalty; regardless of whether the film Is dedicated to the first content and passes on a similar message or abuses the messages of the first work. Anyway it ought to be viewed as that devotion is hazardous in the issue that it doesn't mull over the average contrasts that are basic to the change from writing to film. This paper is a correlation between Edward Labels show, Whos Afraid Of Virginia Wolf, and its 966 adjustment by Mike Nichols and expects to consider if constancy of the film to the messages and the soul of the first printed source is accomplished and whether the film utilizes a similar tone, topic and plot as the dramatization. Edward Labels Whos Afraid Of Virginia Wolf was first acted In New York city in 1 962 and it was a triumph since Labels show gave an Insight Into American life. : In the backtalk, the open culture and the lawmakers put incredible accentuation on a cheerful family and the American Ideal fruitful family was viewed as the one with a house, vehicle and children. In any case, Label expels this bogus spread from the Ideal family and uncovers reality and issues underneath the surface. He shows that the open picture of marriage that most couples undertaking can be totally not the same as the private picture. The coarse language and the sexual substance of the play stunned the crowd and with the Production Code of the time it appeared to be probably not going to be adjusted for screen. In any case, because of changing perspectives of current time there were private and open objections against the Motion Picture Association of America (MAMA) and the Catholic Church, which carefully controlled and affected the language, tone, and subjects of American film from the mid-backtalk to the mid-backtalk. In 1966 Mike Nichols coordinated his film adjustment of Whos Afraid Of Virginia Wolf In Warner Brothers studio featuring popular genuine couple, Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton as Martha and George, Sandy Dennis and George Seal as Honey and Nick. From the outset the film was denied a with the endorsement of the film on the state of minor restriction of certain profane words and scenes and an uncommon admonition set on all film notices demonstrating grown-up content. Is was the main film with such a mark. Truth be told the film was allowed the endorsement for its high quality,great cost and the studios grown-up grouping. Valentine clarified that, as indicated by Warner Brothers, the movies content was unalterable without some turning, however later on the Association would have been more grounded and harder to get contents, exchange, and so forth , before an image is finished and before a ton of cash is contributed (Leaf p. 12). In any case, the code itself was coming to its end. The Production Code represented a few changes in the film for example, the expression screw you was supplanted with God damn you in Marshs unlawful to her better half Just as George makes the way for their visitors. In Marshs exchange to George in the yard of the roadhouse the word god forsaken was erased albeit such a frivolous erasure is by all accounts too little to even think about making the harsh speech of the film less hostile. Likewise Georges reference to Jesus cash Mary cash in Get the Guests game is erased for strict contemplations. The location of Marshs enchantment of Nick was totally adjusted since as indicated by The Production Code Administration (PICA) the sacredness of the organization of marriage and the home will e maintained. Pictures will not deduce [sic] that low types of sex relationship are the excepted or basic things. (CTD. In Leaf, p. 9). The screenwriter, Ernest Lehman, managed the tease scene in assortment of courses in a few drafts and in the end the lecherous discoursed and scenes were edited and the last draft portrayed George remaining in the yard gazing toward Nick and Marshs shadows in the room window. On the move from a literary specialty of dramatization to a visual craft of film a few changes are unavoidable. Lehman broadens a lounge setting of the play to different areas n the film and presents the characters in various rooms of the house, in the yard, in the vehicle, inside and outside the roadhouse. These progressions were for the most part because of visual assortment. Despite the fact that Lehman opens up the screenplay to certain scenes outside the house, he is mindful so as not to lose the feeling of walled in area that George and Marshs little parlor makes. For instance, in the initial scene that Martha and George are strolling home from the gathering the walled in area and detachment of the characters is provided through special visualization pools of light-and audio effect quietness. Lehman additionally advertisements some activity to help talk for instance, when George and Martha return home, they do the typical things that everyone likes removing the external garments, investigating the mirror, moving around the washroom, the room and the lounge room and the camera tails them with no limit. In the scene in the yard when George converses with Nick, the haze and profound quiet fortify the nervousness which his adapted story passes on. Highpoint analyzes the quietness and tranquility of the yard with the pressure inside and affirms that it offers a snapshot of alleviation for Nick before he is sent jack inside to assume out his job in George and Marshs risky game. Linemans most significant expansion to the play is the roadhouse which isolates into inside and outside of it. Within a roadhouse doesn't appear to be a reasonable setting to uncover the privileged insights of the youthful couples marriage and Georges smothered novel. Leaf proposes that the roadhouse adds little to either and a vacant study hall building or Daddys nursery could have served better to manage the possibility of Although the scene inside the roadhouse doesn't appear to be suitable as a setting, it functions admirably to persuade the crowd why Nick and Honey stayed with George and Martha to be played once more. This inquiry is brought up in the show yet isn't explained and the peruser is kept bewildered. Lehman accepted that after George blames Nick for playing personnel beds to keep his status, Nick would get too outraged to even consider staying longer. So in the film Nick, incensed, chooses to leave, George essentially gets his vehicle to take their visitors home. They show up at the roadhouse and George proceeds with his games. It is more accommodation in Linemans draft than in Labels show. Lehman incorporates two minor characters, the server and the server, in this scene which evokes the emotional pressure that is available in the show. Mark portrays George and Marshs private stanza dream lives however Linemans expansion fortifies their private refrain open lives in this scene. In spite of the fact that Lehman opens up the single-lounge room setting, the pressure present in the show is kept by utilizing cinematographic procedures; the insecurity of a hand-held camera that follows the characters, following a face and distinctive close-ups includes the watcher in the strain each character is encountering; in addition, the camera gets George and Martha caught in a space ar unreasonably little for their gigantic, turned inner selves to move in. (Highpoint). Highly contrasting cinematography was utilized less regularly at that point however Nichols favors it to reflect George and Marshs inside heck, tension of their spirits and their tormented wedded life. The dim and miserable climate of the play is made through the viewpoint of a highly contrasting camera. Nichols exploited highly contrasting cinematography to show the inner clash of the characters and it was likewise the best decision to make Elizabeth Tailors make up progressively acceptable since she was right around twenty years more youthful than Martha. Moreover, the utilization of shadows makes a fanciful state which reinforce the experience among truth and dream. The connection among Martha and her dad is equivocal in the film since certain discoursed identified with her dad have been discarded in the film. In the play Martha converses with the visitors about her youth when her mom passed on right on time and she grew up with her dad. She says, l appreciated that person! I totally loved him. I despite everything do. What's more, he was really partial to me, too you know? We had a genuine compatibility going a genuine affinity. [ ]l was lady for Daddy and I dealt with him and It was very ice. (Mark P. 52-53). Marshs monologue toward the start of act three uncovers increasingly about her relationship with her dad: Daddy? Daddy? Martha is desert deed. Left to her own indecencies at [Peers at a clock] something oclock in the old A. M. Daddy White-Mouse; do you truly have red eyes? Isn't that right? Allow me to see. Oho! You do! You do! Daddy, you have red eyes since you cry constantly, dont you, Daddy. Indeed; you Lehman put these exchanges in the screenplay and the film itself and to make the relationship increasingly unequivocal he utilized a heart-molded memento with Daddys picture in with which Martha played when she was discussing Daddy and their genuine affinity, she additionally looked at the image in the memento in her speech; consequently, the memento was alluded to represent Daddy. Be that as it may, at that point these scenes were disposed of in view of time restriction and the impact of the memento stays unnoticed in different scenes that the memento apprehensively ,which infers that she needs to deny her dad to acknowledge George completely as her better half. Toward the finish of

Christian corporation staffing free essay sample

The division supervisor holds an ordinary workforce conference with her four segment heads keeping each gathering to one boss issue. On this day, the subject was the â€Å"poor† nature of the twenty bosses answering to the segment heads. â€Å"We have a fairly poor record in choosing great supervisors†, she started. â€Å"We may have five or six who are exceptional be that as it may, however there are such a large number of who are most certainly not. What do you individuals consider when you prescribes contender to me? † â€Å"I think my best specialized individuals make the best supervisors,† said one segment head. â€Å"They have the regard of their partners and subordinates, who rate their specialized capability profoundly. They can recharge staff individuals successfully and contribute to do the most requesting occupations themselves. † â€Å"Maybe that is only the trouble,† said the office chief. Individuals like them may never figure out how to oversee in light of the fact that they invest their energy in specialized work. † Another segment head said,† I made my proposal based on position. It has well known intrigue since everybody hopes to be along this line. † â€Å"Do you think,† said the director, â€Å"that age is the main, or most significant basis for oversight? † such a training advantageously overlooks everything found out about overseeing, or it guarantees that the applicant has the capacity to get capable in the executives in the wake of landing the position. Is this practical? Throughout the gathering, different factors, for example, coexisting with individuals, establishing great connection, having the capacity for additional advancement, and having the option to correct duty were likewise thought of. The office chief was plainly baffled and, as she finished the gathering, she commented, â€Å"No wonder we have a 40% disappointment rate in choosing administrators. † II. Perspective My perspective in this issue of staffing in Christian Corporation is that as office supervisor, I ought not take a gander at just and think about the proposal of segment heads. I will consider the profile or other essential certifications of the representatives who are to be chosen as acceptable bosses. Which means to, endless supply of the area heads, still their suggested representatives will be oppressed for meet and mentioning them to present all their important qualifications for my last assessment and determination. III. Explanation OF THE Problem This investigation concentrated on staffing of faculty in the Christian Corporation for the year 2007. In particular, it responds to the accompanying inquiries: 1. What is the profile of the suggested workers for supervisor’s position in Christian Corporation as far as age, sex, common status, most noteworthy instructive fulfillment and number of kids in the family? 2. Why the division director in Christian Corporation consistently holds a customary workforce gathering with her four segment heads? 3. How do the four area heads in the Christian Corporation experience choice/staffing the twenty managers? 4. Is there a critical connection between the profile of the twenty bosses in the Christian Corporation with their four segment heads’ thought for determination/staffing? 5. What game plan can be detailed to improve the poor record in choosing/staffing great directors? IV. Goals This examination decide the choice/staffing of twenty managers in Christian Corporation for the year 2007. A. Should or short-run destinations 1. To decide the profile of the twenty bosses in Christian Corporation regarding age, sexual orientation, common status, most noteworthy instructive achievement, and number of kids in the family. 2. To distinguish the reasons why the office director in Christian Corporation consistently holds a normal workforce conference with her four segment heads in Christian Corporation in determination/staffing the twenty chiefs. 3. To determine the contemplations of the four areas heads in Christian Corporation in choosing/staffing for twenty managers. 4. To decide whether there is a noteworthy connection between the profile of the twenty bosses in Christian Corporation with their four segment sets out contemplations toward choice/staffing. B. Need or long-run destinations 5. To define and actualize game plan so as to improve the poor recor5d in choosing/staffing great directors. V. Territories OF CONSIDERATION/ANALYSIS As expert of the issue of staffing in Christian Corporation, I incorporate the accompanying sub-issues/goals for the accompanying reasons: A. Should or Short-Range Objectives 1. The profile of the twenty chiefs in Christian Corporation as far as age, sex, common status, most noteworthy instructive accomplishment and number of youngsters in the family. This is on the grounds that each individual is novel and has own capacity and qualities/attributes to accomplish and achieve work. This will decide with their age, in the event that they are as yet youthful, they have greater capacity and vitality to do their capacities. Sex may likewise be thought of, since manliness is significantly unique in relation to womanliness in accomplishing difficult work, their perseverance towards work. Common Status shift since, if the worker is single, they can accomplish a greater number of capacities than wedded one since single representative has more accessible time to render administration than wedded one. Most elevated instructive fulfillment is additionally considered since, this will decide their scholarly and administrative or authority capacity of person. In conclusion, number of kids in the family might be considered since that more kids, implies more opportunity to go through for than those with hardly any youngsters in the family. 2. Distinguishing reasons why the division director in Christian Corporation consistently holds a customary workforce conference with her four area heads. This issue possibly considered as goal to decide the status of Christian Corporation activity just as the yield of the suggested twenty directors of the four office heads. 3. Distinguishing contemplations of the four segment heads in Christian Corporation in determination/staffing of twenty directors. This is expected to recognize as in through this, the director can decide if their contemplations for choice/staffing is a triumph or a disappointment. 4. Deciding the critical connection between the profile of the twenty administrators in Christian Corporation with the contemplations of the four area heads is required since that this will decide the advancement/choice of the representatives to be advanced as managers. Directors may get the opportunity for definite determination based from meeting and certifications introduced. B. Need on Long-Range Objective 5. Definition and execution of game plan is expected to improve the determination and staffing of twenty managers in Christian Corporation. In this circumstance, sure accomplishment on the business activity in the Christian Corporation is being guaranteed and to achieve quality yield. VI. Elective COURSES OF ACTION Based from the territories of thought/examination of the expert, the accompanying elective blueprints were drawn: 1. In choosing or staffing faculty in Christian Corporation as administrators, profile as far as age, sexual orientation, common status, most elevated instructive achievement, and number of kids in the family ought to be considered as bases because that their capacity and execution towards work relies upon them. 2. Deciding the status of the activities and yield of Christian Corporation might be recognized through data spreads or potentially report from the diverse segment heads. 3. Standards for choosing managers might be assessed, when the measures/contemplations for determination/staffing might be told/uncovered. 4. The profile of the faculty to be chosen for setting up may have huge relationship with the area heads contemplations or potentially bases for determination or potentially staffing work force. 5. Definition and execution of activity plan is significant for staffing faculty for supervisorship position. VII. Proposal From the elective game-plans, it is suggested that the profile as far as age, sex, common status, most elevated instructive fulfillment and number of youngsters in the group of the work force to be chosen or potentially assessed for staffing supervisor’s position might be considered to guarantee quality yield execution. VIII. End/DETAILED ACTION PLAN Activities Strategies Persons Involved 1. Staffing directors position 1. Meeting of the division director with the segment heads. a) Submit individual information sheet or potentially certifications of faculty to be oppressed for assessment for staffing supervisor’s position. 2. Meeting with the area heads. 3. Meeting with the division supervisor. 4. Last choice procedure. (the executives choice) 1. Office supervisor 2. Segment Heads 3. Work force oppressed for staffing supervisor’s position

Why Strong Resume Writing is so Important

Why Strong Resume Writing is so Important Why Your Resume Writing Can Make or Break Your Job Hunt Why Your Resume Writing Can Make or Break Your Job Hunt The job force can be extremely competitive, especially in more specific industries. It can be tough to try to stand out from the rest and show your future employer why you’re the best candidate for the job. Strong resume writing is going to be the tool that sets you apart in a stack of applications. You don’t need to be a great writer to craft a fantastic resume, but you do need to understand that without one, your job hunt will suffer. It’s The Most Important First Impression You’ll Make Did you know that the average employer only looks at your resume for about 8-10 seconds before making a decision? That’s not a lot of time to show someone why you’d make a great future employee. First impressions are everything in the job market. Your resume is your chance to show your future employer why you’re different, and why you matter more than the competition. It’s your shot to make it to the next round, whether that’s an in-person interview or a phone call, so you need to make sure you give it your best shot. There are Tons of Customization Options Available Since your resume is all about representing you, there’s no need to stick to one specific template. The most savvy candidates are the ones who customize every part of their resume. Now, we aren’t saying that you need to fill your resume with tacky embellishments, but you can definitely tweak your layout and add your own (professional) flare. It’s also important to customize your resume to the specific industry or role that you are applying to. Showcase those skills that make you perfect for the job, and leave the irrelevant ones out. Or, at the very least, move those skills down on the list. Your Resume Could be Important Even After You Land the Job Once you get hired, depending on the industry you work in, you may need to keep your resume on hand to showcase your skills within departments. You may even need to do this for clients depending on the type of company you work for. Certain client projects that require certain skills could set you apart from the rest of your coworkers and help your company land that contract. Let a Resume Writing Professional do The Work For You If you can’t seem to nail down your resume, there are options for you. Our resume writing services provide custom, individually crafted resumes tailored exactly to your specifications and industry. We make sure you get the most out of your job hunt with a resume that really stacks up. Order your custom written resume now and get started on those job applications! References Heathfield, S. (2016). Resume. The Balance. Retrieved from resume-and-why-is-it-important-1918246. Roo, J. (2015). The importance of a well written professional resume. LinkedIn. Retrieved from . Why Strong Resume Writing is so Important Why Your Resume Writing Can Make or Break Your Job Hunt Why Your Resume Writing Can Make or Break Your Job Hunt The job force can be extremely competitive, especially in more specific industries. It can be tough to try to stand out from the rest and show your future employer why you’re the best candidate for the job. Strong resume writing is going to be the tool that sets you apart in a stack of applications. You don’t need to be a great writer to craft a fantastic resume, but you do need to understand that without one, your job hunt will suffer. It’s The Most Important First Impression You’ll Make Did you know that the average employer only looks at your resume for about 8-10 seconds before making a decision? That’s not a lot of time to show someone why you’d make a great future employee. First impressions are everything in the job market. Your resume is your chance to show your future employer why you’re different, and why you matter more than the competition. It’s your shot to make it to the next round, whether that’s an in-person interview or a phone call, so you need to make sure you give it your best shot. There are Tons of Customization Options Available Since your resume is all about representing you, there’s no need to stick to one specific template. The most savvy candidates are the ones who customize every part of their resume. Now, we aren’t saying that you need to fill your resume with tacky embellishments, but you can definitely tweak your layout and add your own (professional) flare. It’s also important to customize your resume to the specific industry or role that you are applying to. Showcase those skills that make you perfect for the job, and leave the irrelevant ones out. Or, at the very least, move those skills down on the list. Your Resume Could be Important Even After You Land the Job Once you get hired, depending on the industry you work in, you may need to keep your resume on hand to showcase your skills within departments. You may even need to do this for clients depending on the type of company you work for. Certain client projects that require certain skills could set you apart from the rest of your coworkers and help your company land that contract. Let a Resume Writing Professional do The Work For You If you can’t seem to nail down your resume, there are options for you. Our resume writing services provide custom, individually crafted resumes tailored exactly to your specifications and industry. We make sure you get the most out of your job hunt with a resume that really stacks up. Order your custom written resume now and get started on those job applications! References Heathfield, S. (2016). Resume. The Balance. Retrieved from resume-and-why-is-it-important-1918246. Roo, J. (2015). The importance of a well written professional resume. LinkedIn. Retrieved from .

Discuss the motivation for international strategic alliances - Free Essay Example

Discuss the motivation for international strategic alliances ABSTRACT: To establish traditional international business in the market, businessmen do apply different strategies and one of the most common and emerging strategies that are being used now is the international strategic alliance. To study the motivation of international strategic alliance, it has been made to systematically define the term motive. This paper argues those studies of motivation of international strategic alliance, their advantages and disadvantages and how they are becoming beneficial in the global market place. This paper is an initial step to understand the definition of motivation in terms of the international strategic alliance by using the firms that have used this strategy. INTRODUCTION: An alliance can be defined as a business to business collaboration. In an alliance two or more companies agree to work together to achieve a common goal while not losing their individuality. Strategic alliance helps the both parties to gain the complementary strengths. Companies form alliances for joint marketing, joint sales or distribution, joint production, design collaboration, technology licensing and research and development. Strategic alliances have different forms, Contractual (non-equity- based) alliances (Alliances which are based on contracts and which do not involve the sharing of equity), Equity-based alliances (Strategic alliances which involves the use of equity), Cross-shareholding (Both partners invest in each other). ( Peng Mike W. Global Strategic Management, Second Edition, page 219) One form of Equity-based strategic alliances is the joint venture. The formation of the alliance is rich and fragmented. One of the main reasons behind the collaboration is to gain the competitive advantages. According to Williamson Intermediate asset specificity and low uncertainty are conditions that may lead to a preference for hybrid forms of governance structure over both arms length transactions and internalization (Williamson, 1991). Increasing the strategic alliances is one of the fastest trends in the business today and it is becoming an essential driver to grow for every industry. One of the main goals to form a relationship with other companies is strategic alliance where they combine the skills and expertise of the both companies and gain the cooperative venture. Then they enter the international market and share their costs. MOTIVATION for STRATEGIC ALLIANCES in the INTERNATIONAL MARKET PLACE The growing international marketing is becoming the norm in this time and these partnerships are leveraging the growth through alliances with international partners, where the both companies merge and gain the competitive advantage. They do it by licensing agreements, cross shareholder deals, cooperative arrangement and joint ventures. Rather than taking risks and wasting their time and investing a huge amount on of money for gaining this competitive advantage in business, they are entering the international markets by finding an appropriate alliance which is operating in the same market in another country. So they enter the market that they desire to enter and the main reason behind this is to share the knowledge, skills and expertise and also to gain the marketing advantage in the world. And its becoming another strategy to defeat the monopoly business in the global business within fraction of time, for example collaboration of Sony and Ericson. In the view of traditional industry, firms are independent and emphasize on maximizing their own performance. As competition in the market shrinks the profits of firms, they do not rival always against one another. For instance, in 1983 Toyota and GM establish a horizontal alliance on a limited basis to accomplish different targets of manufacturing small cars in the US. The intention of Toyota was to gain knowledge of running business in the American market. On the other hand, Gms objective was to learn manufacturing small cars profitably. Sometimes high entry barriers discourage individual companies. In that circumstance companies can build strategic alliances and networks to level this fence. Firms convert the relationship with suppliers to a mutual assistance and knowledge sharing, previously which was based on hard-bargaining. This liaison is known as upstream vertical alliance. In this case companies do not consider suppliers as threats. In the same way, now, downstream vertical alliances can bind the central firms, buyers and distributors together rather than treating them as possible threats. The market potential pushes the firms on alternative products to establish strategic alliance and networks to materialize the commercial prospective of new products. According to Resource-based consideration firms can get benefited from the alliance through value creation. First, alliances may reduce costs, risks and uncertainties. Second, Alliances allow firms to tap complementary assets of partners. Third, alliances facilitate opportunities to learn from partners. Finally, real option an option is the right, but not obligation, to take some action in the future. Real option gives the opportunity to the firms when they are not sure whether they will do acquisition or merge. The companies just need to pay a tiny portion of their assets (known as deposit). Through this temporary alliance they will judge its future profitability. If they are not satisfied, they can easily leave. There is no obligation to go on with this alliance or take further actions. Institutional based consideration includes two categories Formal Institutional based consideration and Informal Institutional based consideration. According to Peng Strategic alliances and networks function within formal regulatory and legal frameworks. In some countries, Governments impose restriction on Whole Owned Subsidiaries. In that circumstance international firms have only one option, which is, to make an alliance with a local firm in order to enter that market. Peng says Informal institutions centre on collective norms supported by a normative and cognitive pillar. When a firm decides to move on its own, it faces pressures and criticisms from peer, analysts, investors, and the media. In that situation firms make collaboration with other firms to enhance or protect its image in the market place. The firms do choose the target market they want to enter. After choosing the target market they come up with a strategic plan which will suit in the international market. They use all resources of both companies to exploit the existing resources and explore the new opportunities; the main concern for this exploitation is to increase the productivity and efficiency using the current employed capital and assets thought standards. When the both companies are big in size their integration level is also high which, vise versa, makes the higher level the degree of control. The difference between the integration and degree of control is making motivation for forming this strategic alliance. The ADVANTAGES of STRATEGIC ALLIANCE Many start-up companies do focus on emerging into the market and gaining a competitive advantage in the international market to beat the monopoly business around the world for the same products and nowadays it is becoming the most useful strategy to gain this competitive advantage. By which a firm can enter the target market faster and with less risk on the investment. Businesses use strategic alliances to: scope and speed the business process achieve advantages of scale in international market increase market penetration among other companies increase the competitiveness in domestic and global markets enhance product development by sharing the skills, knowledge, technology develop new business opportunities through new products and services and make it more competitive in the world market expand market development fast increase exports diversify create new businesses gain completive advantage in cost diversification into new markets improve cash flow Ability to move quickly The motivation of forming the international strategy varies from one country to another country. The main focuses of the join venture of the companies are to represent the companies in the various countries. But as the days passed the definition has changed because of the activities which became more prevalent. Because the international market the alliance can impart to the company in a relative advantage in size or by the size which makes the process to go faster or in other words it provides compliments to the areas which they are lacking. The motive behind increasing the international strategic alliance is not only gaining profit. The other factor which motive them are the competition among the competitors the fast changing market place industry convergence For an example an alliance between Sony (which is Japanese company, it was an electronic consumer company) Ericson (a Swedish telecommunication company) both giant companies planned to get an advantage in production and development which will prove their marketing skills. So once the joint venture is done with a legal manner it is similar in nature to a partial acquisition in consideration for shares. Because this combination has created the transaction, combining the relative advantages of both parties and ties their future together. They stopped making their own phones. They started to share their expertise and they have a research development teams in United States, Sweden, China, Japan, India, Germany, and the United Kingdom. The both companies were profitable on the first year but they had to face huge loss because of lack of investment and strategic plan. Once they have injected the money into their joint venture and came up with new idea which was to launch the built-in-digit al camera and with high features they started to enter to the market back but it still were a huge loses for them. So having the same strategic plan this joint venture did not work. They were struggling for the first three years. But walkman phones made them successful and made the 4th position in the world again. So here it proves that the giant companies do merge to gain competitive advantage but it is not always threat to the other companies which are already leading. It totally depends on the strategy they follow and implement. The DISADVANTAGES of STRATEGIC ALLAINCE Alliances are risky in term of cost, the reason is not due to cash being involved with another company and its not being in the companys hands, but it is due to returns from which they will get. First of all the company is to go throw the join venture which involves the investment. When a proper set of contracts, various transfer prices and incentive schemes from the partners to the joint alliance resolve most conflicts, most of the joint venture manages to entirely avoid conflicts between its respective parties. Managing the managerial position of both companies and resolving the possible conflict from the both parties due to the location and other factors of international market, Financial blocking is one of the major disadvantages in the international strategic alliance. Because most of the companies do not want to disclose their financing operations. For example, an alliance with SonyEricsson in the area of cellular communications could reduce the likelihood of contracts with Nokia, thereby putting the company at risk that if Ericsson is weakened, so will be all the companies that depend upon it. Alliance between competitors can be risky. Firms can access to the information, technology, business strategy, and database of each other. Therefore they acquire the knowledge of another company. One firm can plan to excel other firm by achieving the knowledge and skills of other firms business tricks. And then it can drop the other firm and may use the strategy against this firm. Strategic partners are often led by the company which is stronger in the international market. But they should come up with something unique by merging the both companies rather than starting from a start-up. But this strategy dose actually work with the every company depending on the market and company, like SonyEricsson came up with mobile when they merge but it was a huge loss in the market . They started losing their shares rather then gaining it. And it affected the job market. So they later on came up with cyber shoot which was the turning point of their company and also the walking walkman, which was different product then they used to launch. Because their main focus was to make competitive cell phone. But by the cyber shoot they have entered the market and now they are one of the giant companies with 4th position rank in the world. Sharing profits is another disadvantage. The revenue is being divided and goes to different country which does not help the country to boom up. But it dose have a great impact on it The decision is to be made by the both parties so there are always barriers for future financing opportunities. The distraction is the main disadvantage. The top level management is to take decision on behave of the both countries so they are to keep all the time in mind thinking about their own country when ever they are making decision. The both parties do not think alike because of the distraction that they are around by the competitors. As two or more companies are joint in this alliance, the decision is to be taken jointly so there is always a headache from the other partner. Because of the way they want take the company may not agree. To keep this mutual decision, the companies are to go through all this unexpected disappointments. Conclusion: The strategic alliance is one of the most implemented strategies in the global competitive market. And it is one of the mostly common used strategies which have an effect in the market to boom up the economy of a country. It has created the bond between the geographical territories. Where they can share their competitive advantages and bring out new polices and products for the consumers and increase the job market in this world. The advantages for this alliance is more then the disadvantages. So people are coming up of new policies where they can hide the disadvantages compared to the advantage. According to Pekar and Margulis The fundamental purpose of an alliance is to facilitate collaboration and varying degrees of integration between companies without necessitating a merger or an acquisition, though it can often lead to a merger or acquisition. Bibliography Hill, Charles (2005), International Business Competing in the Global Marketplace Peng Mike W. Global Strategic Management, Second Edition, (page 216-240) https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/jomstd/v33y1996i3p301-332.html https://www.smallbusinessnotes.com/operating/leadership/strategicalliances.html https://www.corporate-partnering.com/info/strategic-alliances-advantages-and-disadvantages.htm https://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do?contentType=ArticlehdAction=lnkhtmlcontentId=1515040 www.faqs.org/abstracts/Business-general/Strategic-motives-for-international-alliance-formation-The-limits-of-employee-involvement-profit-sha.html https://www.lotsofessays.com/essay_search/Conclusion_Strategic.html https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6VGK-4MBBYN6-1_user=10_rdoc=1_fmt=_orig=search_sort=d_docanchor=view=c_searchStrId=1123950549_rerunOrigin=google_acct=C000050221_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=10md5=52af2b0a1c7e40ab036d752257b46fc1 https://www.smallbusinessnotes.com/operating/leadership/strategicalliances.html illiamson, O.E. 1991. Strategizing, economizing, and economic organization. Strategic Management Journal, Winter Special Issue, 12: 75-94 Peng Mike WGlobal Strategic Management, Second Edition, page 213 Peng Mike W Global Strategic Management, Second Edition, page 227 Pekar Peter Jr. and. Margulis Marc S, Equity alliances take center stage: The emergence of a new corporate growth model, IVEY MANAGEMENT SERVICES May/June 2003

Marxs Theory of Money and the Theory of Value Essay

Marxs Theory of Money and the Theory of Value The most important point to emerge from Marxs theory of money is the idea that money is a form of value. The difficulty with this idea is that we are more familiar with money itself than with value in other forms. But value does appear in forms other than money. For example, the balance sheet of a capitalist firm estimates the value of goods in process and of fixed capital which has not yet been depreciated, as well as the value of inventories of finished commodities awaiting sale. Each of these aggregations of commodities has a value, usually expressed as the equivalent of a certain amount of money, but it is clear that neither goods in process nor fixed capital is money. Marx views the†¦show more content†¦There is no reason to think of the commodity form emerging historically before the money form. To the degree that we see the first, we will see the second, or reasons why the emergence of money is suppressed in the concrete situation. What we see historically are very di fferent stages of development of commodity relations, corresponding to different degrees of development of social production and to different forms of money. These differences in levels of development may give the illusion of an historical emergence of money separate from, and subsequent to, the emergence of commodities. But in such cases what is at issue is the particular form of money, or the way in which value manifests itself in the particular society. Even transactions which are apparently barter transactions, in that the equivalents exchanged are both concrete commodities, may best be analyzed as degenerate monetary transactions, in which the parties estimate the abstract value of their respective products, and finding them equal, or nearly equal, are able to avoid transferring money itself. 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Degree in Criminal Justice Use a Criminal Justice Background to Work as a Paralegal 2019

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, job growth in the paralegal field is expected to be 27% or more through the year 2018. The driving force behind this predicted increase is the attempt to provide more affordable and efficient availability of legal services in the coming years. Although many students enter the profession through formal paralegal training programs, a degree in criminal justice is an alternative path to joining the rapidly expanding discipline of paralegal studies. What is a Paralegal? Paralegal jobs with a criminal justice degree involve many of the same tasks performed by an attorney. Lawyers delegate tasks, such as researching facts and preparing documents for court, to the paralegal with a criminal justice degree. Paralegals are also able to help draft contracts, mortgages, separation agreements, and tax returns. In fact, the only activities paralegals cannot legally perform are the five activities categorized as practicing law: giving legal advice, signing legal pleadings and papers on behalf of a party, appearing in court on behalf of another, and setting and collecting fees for legal services. Paralegals use legal terminology, and document their findings and opinions related to assigned cases to a supervising attorney. As the law becomes larger, professionals who pursue a paralegal career, with criminal justice degree credentials, typically specialize in a certain area of the law. Possible areas of concentration include labor law, intellectual property, criminal law, immigration, and real estate. .u974de7f8ba8b0b0d8b9a4f9998575df3 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u974de7f8ba8b0b0d8b9a4f9998575df3:active, .u974de7f8ba8b0b0d8b9a4f9998575df3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u974de7f8ba8b0b0d8b9a4f9998575df3 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u974de7f8ba8b0b0d8b9a4f9998575df3 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u974de7f8ba8b0b0d8b9a4f9998575df3 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u974de7f8ba8b0b0d8b9a4f9998575df3:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Earning a Bachelor's Degree in Paralegal StudiesEducational Requirements to Work as a Paralegal There are approximately 1,000 official paralegal training programs at the associates degree, bachelors degree, and masters degree level. However, many professionals choose to use a bachelors degree in criminal justice to enter the field. Often employers will provide on-the-job training in legal activities for the worker with a criminal justice degree or a bachelors degree in a related discipline. In addition to earning a bachelors degree in criminal justice, there are also formal certification and training programs available. Certification as a paralegal is not required for employment, but it may increase competitiveness in the job market. Opportunities for Advancement as a Paralegal As with many other occupations, as a paralegal gains more experience, he or she is typically given more responsibility and less supervision on the job. A paralegal career with criminal justice degree credentials may also lead to supervising other paralegals or obtaining a management position within a law firm or corporate legal department. Some paralegals also choose to go on to law school after gaining experience in the legal field. Working as a paralegal can offer insight into a professionals interest in law, can teach legal terminology, and can provide case reading prior to even stepping foot in a law school classroom. .uf6cc840de0d8f959d63d1b008866ba77 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .uf6cc840de0d8f959d63d1b008866ba77:active, .uf6cc840de0d8f959d63d1b008866ba77:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .uf6cc840de0d8f959d63d1b008866ba77 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .uf6cc840de0d8f959d63d1b008866ba77 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .uf6cc840de0d8f959d63d1b008866ba77 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .uf6cc840de0d8f959d63d1b008866ba77:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Online BSN Program Do Employers Differentiate between ADN and BSN NursesEarning a Degree in Criminal Justice A host of criminal justice degree programs exist as well. Typical programs, such as the criminal justice degree online offered at Warren National University, offer education in both administrative and hands-on aspects of the field. Students working towards a bachelors degree in criminal justice study courses such as: administration of justice, criminal investigation, written communication in criminal justice, and the American court system. Florida Metropolitan University Online has a Paralegal Associates Degree as well as a Paralegal Bachelors Degree for students interested in the field. Kaplan University offers an Associate of Arts and Sciences in Paralegal Studies and a Bachelor of Science in Paralegal Studies. Their Bachelors Degree in Paralegal Studies extends to its students such specializations as Alternative Dispute Resolution, Office Management, and Personal Injury. Kaplan also has an advanced program for their bachelors degree called Advanced Start in BS Paralegal Studies. .u5f7dbaf4bd1ff8165127d0b97a19120d { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u5f7dbaf4bd1ff8165127d0b97a19120d:active, .u5f7dbaf4bd1ff8165127d0b97a19120d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u5f7dbaf4bd1ff8165127d0b97a19120d { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u5f7dbaf4bd1ff8165127d0b97a19120d .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u5f7dbaf4bd1ff8165127d0b97a19120d .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u5f7dbaf4bd1ff8165127d0b97a19120d:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ How to Prepare for an InterviewAttending an online college for a criminal justice degree can be a convenient way to maintain work and family responsibilities and gain access to programs that would otherwise be unavailable in some locations. The occupation of paralegal encompasses a wide variety of activities and career paths. Salaries range from $34,000 with state government positions to more than $80,000 for private law-firm positions. Becoming a paralegal is just one job option for the versatile degree in criminal justice and can lead the way to a lucrative, stable career or be followed by a challenging three years of law school. Related ArticlesParalegal Degree Options OnlineEmployment Opportunities With an Associates Degree in Criminal JusticeFind Law, Criminal Justice, Social Science Degree ProgramsAssociate Degree in Criminal Justice Boost Earning Potential and Streamline into the Criminal Justice WorkforceDegree Programs for the ParalegalEarning a Bachelors Degree in Paralegal Studies

The Soul and the Body The Writings of Plato - 1766 Words

The Soul and the Body Philosophy is an old profession going back to the beginnings of recorded history. Since the times of the Greeks and Romans, people have taken it upon themselves to question the reality of their worlds and to wonder what it is that causes people to behave the ways that they do and what it means even to just be human. Plato, one of the most famous of the ancient philosophers, was taught by another most famous philosopher, Socrates a man perhaps even better known than him. Unfortunately, Socrates was extremely critical of the social structure of his culture as well as established beliefs and thus subject to legal consequences for his public and highly objection-able criticisms of the regime then in control. Finally, the government decided to put Socrates on trial; he was found guilty and executed via poisoned drink, his choice of suicide methods. Through his experiences with his teacher Socrates, the thought processes of Plato were modified and modulated in everything, including in the concept of human existence and the human soul which are expressed in his writings, especially those which recreate the final moments of Socrates life and would serve to immortalize that mans ideas. The writings of Plato compare Socrates to various everyday beings which he represents. In the Apology tells the story of the trial of Socrates and the various people who testified to his being a danger to the society and that he was guilty of corrupting Athenian youth. InShow MoreRelatedThe Greek Philosophers And The Philosophers1422 Words   |  6 PagesThe Greek philosophers did not explain the world using Gods. Instead, they preferred to explain the world using principles. These principles were fundamental in how the philosophers taught their students. Three philosophers, Plato, Epicures, and Aristotle, used different principles to help them explain the world and the universe around them. In this essay, the principles of these three philosophers will be explained and then compared with each other. When the philosophers spoke of principles, theyRead MoreGreek Philosophy And The Greek Creation1593 Words   |  7 PagesC. to the 16th century is Plato. Plato was often thought as one of the most influential philosophers of all time. He was a Classical Greek philosopher, a student of Socrates (Father of philosophy the inventor of the Socratic method), a teacher to Aristotle, mathematician, writer of philosophical dialogues, and the founder of the Academy in Athens. Along with his mentor, Socrates,, Plato helped to lay the foundations of Western philosophy and science. 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In Plato’s Phaedo, he shows the reader that the five senses are not what one should rely on. The senses do not provide us with truth. One’s surroundings are constantly changing thus, their senses must changeRead MorePlatos Views on Life after Death1388 Words   |  6 Pageshis writing he does demonstrate that there is in fact life after physical death, which is widely attributed to his notion of the soul. Plat always viewed the soul as an entity that was distinct from the physical body. Moreover, while the physical body was destined to die, the soul was enduring, interminable, and destined to go on somewhere in some state of being. In just what sort of way the soul would endure was a matter of question, in which at various points in his career as a writer Plato offeredRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Modern Day Psychology1401 Words   |  6 Pagestranslates as psuche which means the vital breath or the human soul. Philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle have had great influence on the ideas of modern day psychology. There interpretations of the mind, soul, and behavior have a strong association with the thoughts and theories of psychologists such as Freud, Skinner, Pavlov, and others. Socrates is considered the founding figure of western philosophy. There are no writings by Socrates himself, much of what we know comes from Plato’sRead MoreThe Complicated Life of Socrates1183 Words   |  5 Pagesaccurately represented in the modern world. Since there aren’t any writings from Socrates himself, his life, beliefs, and philosophy has to be depicted through the writings of Plato, Aristophanes, Aristotle and Xenophon, with Plato being the most informational and dependable source. These writers that do mention Socrates in their writings aren’t always accurate and are sometimes very contradicting and inconsistent. In Plato’s writing, it is difficult to distinguish the ideas and beliefs of SocratesRead MoreAncient Greek Philosophy -Paper776 Words   |  4 Pagesconfidence in the power of the mind Greeks used observation and reason to determine why things happened, they opened up a new way of looking at human existence. During the time of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle it was a crime to investigate the things above the heavens and below the Earth. Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle were well known philosophers. Their research contributed to modern science and the development of Western political thought. Socrates, born in 5th century BCE, makes aRead MoreThe Influence of Platos Theories on Chrisianity1169 Words   |  5 Pagesdivine beings and demi-humans also played a significant role in the Hellenistic culture. The worship of these deities was the mainstream of religion during the Hellenistic period until the rise of the great philosophers. Amongst these philosophers, Plato emerged as one of the founding fathers of Western philosophy. Living from roughly 428 BCE until 348 BCE, Plato’s theories predated Christianity by at least four centuries. Because of this, it can be assumed that early Christian worshippers used Plato’sRead MoreThe Allegory of the Cave Essay1600 Words   |  7 Pagesa concept that demonstrates how humans are fearful of change and what they don’t know. Plato says that men are living in an underground cave and it is a situation. The Allegory of the Cave is Platos explanation of the education of the soul toward enlightenment. Plato talks about being free, everyday life, knowledge, and essentially what he wrote to be true. I think that he was very unique with his writings because there are so many ways to look at the world and his way was just one. He was educated

How Feminism Changed The Lives Of Women, Men And Families...

Prewriting Techniques I. Brainstorm 1. How each wave of feminism changed the lives of women, men and families 2. More women were able to get an education, so more minds contributed to discovers and breakthroughs, more people in the workforce, less strain on men to be sole provider 3. Stay at home dads, reversed gender roles II. Questioning 1. Who- Women, men and families 2. What – Feminism 3. When – when did feminism begin 4. How- How did feminism begin 5. Why- Why did feminism begin III. Scratch Outline Introduction- Feminism significantly changed the way society views women because it challenged and demanded the inclusion women in social and political circles in a very patriarchal society. As a result, feminism greatly changed the lives of women everywhere and in many aspects of society especially in regards to education, the workforce and gender issues of equality. Plan of Development 1. What is Feminism 2. How did it start 3. What were each wave about and how did it affect the lives of women, men and families? 4. How did it transform: education for women, men and families? 5. Workforce 6. Gender issues: change in gender/sex roles. Feminism is the belief that men and women are equal and it advocates women’s rights for social, political, and economical equality to men. Feminism significantly changed the way society views women because it challenged and demanded the inclusion women in social and political circles in a very patriarchal society. There wereShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Feminist Movement and Domestic Violence651 Words   |  3 PagesFeminism has not changed today, but its focus has changed. Many women today have good education and employment opportunities just like men, as the early feminist fought for them. Now, after getting all these, men are now discriminating them and at times abusing them in order to undermine their hard work and potentiality. Men are doing all they can to undermine the success women have been able to acquired, however, today’s feminism is struggling to protect women and girls from domestic violence, sexualRead MoreThe Relationship Between Gender Identities And So cial Identities1442 Words   |  6 Pagesof research into these two topics and then relate to how that effects the inequality or equality of gender. I will also look at the ways in which girls dis-identify with feminism and why? As well as looking at how girl’s ambitions have changed since the 1970’s. I also look at why men may be just as suppressed as women by society and its norms and values. The connection between gender and social inequalities and identities has progressively changed. Feminists have been at the forefront of changing societiesRead MorePatriarchy And Gendered Inequality?1421 Words   |  6 PagesDo you agree that feminism remains a highly relevant ideology in its challenge to patriarchy and gendered inequality? The aim of this essay is to present some very important aspects of feminism as an ideology and its importance in today s world. It is commonly believed, that feminism is no longer needed and should be considered as successfully completed movement. However, there are many misinterpretations of this ideology, which should be corrected in order to fully understand its prime postulatesRead MoreFeminism : The Second Wave Of Feminism1222 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is feminism? Feminism is a definition to philosophy in which women and their contributions are valued. It is based on a social political and economical which is an equality for women. It’s a revolution that includes women and men who who wish the world to be equal without boundaries. The evolution of the rights of women in Australia owes much to successive waves of feminism, or the women s movement. The first of these took place in the late 19th century and was concerned largely with gainingRead MoreThe Media Shape And Rei nforce Feminism1477 Words   |  6 PagesThe Media Shape and Reinforce Feminism Why cannot female characters be stronger? The role of media is representing the social status that reflects the actual situation of the female in society’s different aspects. However, female characters do not have enough representation because males take most of the important roles in different kinds of media. Female characters are always represented as one-sided and more reliant on male characters. Even though there is a trend of misrepresentation of femalesRead MoreFeminism And Women s Suffrage Essay1360 Words   |  6 PagesFeminism is a critique of patriarchy, on the one hand, and an ideology committed to women’s emancipation on the other. The feminist movement can be see mainly in 3 stages in the UK. It can be argued that feminism had its day due to lack of momentum behind a third and fourth stage of its movement resulting in a decline of feminism in this generation. In this essay, I will be focusing more attention on the first and second waves of feminism compa red to third stage of feminism. The first wave of feminismRead MoreFeminism Throughout History1698 Words   |  7 PagesFeminism Throughout history, women around the globe have been struggling to gain rights that are equal to men in the society. Women have been struggling to obtain respect, equality, and the same rights men have in the society. However, this has been difficult to them because of patriarchy, an ideology whereby, men are always considered to be superior to women, and have the right to control women. This thought has spread widely among the social structures of the society around the globe and thisRead MoreThe Black And White Women Of Jacobs s Book Form Bonds974 Words   |  4 PagesHow do the black and white women of Jacobs’s book form bonds in response to maledemands and how does race impact â€Å"sisterhood† or feminism in the era before the Civil War: Argument: feminist Advocacy: Before Civil War a new wave of feminism is raised in America and soon spread out all over the world because in that time women of America was self-employed and they did jobs, face different problems. Therefore, we say the next wave of feminism is the feminism’s second wave.In this waveRead MoreHow Far Did The 1960s Transform The Position Of British Women?1491 Words   |  6 PagesHow far did the 1960s transform the position of British women? The second-wave feminism has been the driving force behind the Women’s Liberation Movement, which is synonymous within the twenty years in the later part of the twentieth century, beginning in 1960 and ending in 1980. The movement, in the past, had an impact on various aspects of social life to men and women; and this impact is still showcased in areas including, but not limited to; women’s health, fertility trends, laws and legislationsRead MoreWomens Legal and Political Rights Essay1275 Words   |  6 Pages Until the end of 18th century there was a large opposition to womens legal and political rights, though some improvements were made, the issue of giving women the vote was still highly opposed. Feminism is linked to the womens movement and is commonly connected with two basic beliefs, that women are disadvantaged because of their sex, and that this disadvantage should be overthrown. Since the nineteenth century womens movement gained a central focus of the

Escape and Confinement in Flaubert’s Madame Bovary Free Essays

A theme throughout Flaubert’s Madame Bovary is escape versus confinement. In the novel Emma Bovary attempts again and again to escape the ordinariness of her life by reading novels, having affairs, day dreaming, moving from town to town, and buying luxuries items. It is Emma’s early education described for an entire chapter by Flaubert that awakens in Emma a struggle against what she perceives as confinement. We will write a custom essay sample on Escape and Confinement in Flaubert’s Madame Bovary or any similar topic only for you Order Now Emma’s education at the convent is perhaps the most significant development of the dichotomy in the novel between confinement and escape. The convent is Emma’s earliest confinement, and it is the few solicitations from the outside world that intrigue Emma, the books smuggled in to the convent or the sound of a far The chapter mirrors the structure of the book it starts as we see a satisfied women content with her confinement and conformity at At first far from being boredom the convent, she enjoyed the company of the nuns, who, to amuse her, would take her into the chapel by way of a long corridor leading from the dining hall. She played very little during the recreation period and knew her catechism well. The chapter is also filled with images of girls living with in the protective walls of the convent, the girls sing happily together, assemble to study, and pray. But as the chapter progresses images of escape start to dominate. But these are merely visual images and even these images are either religious in nature or of similarly She wished she could have lived in some old manor house, like those chatelaines in low wasted gowns who spent their days with their elbows on the stone sill of a gothic window surmounted by trefoil, chin in hand watching a white plumed rider on a black horse galloping hem from far across the country. (Flaubert 32. ) As the chapter progresses and Emma continues dreaming while in the convent the images she conjures up are of exotic and foreign lands. No longer are the images of precise people or event but instead they become more fuzzy and chaotic. The escape technique that she used to conjure up images of heroines in castles seems to lead inevitably And there were sultans with long pipes swooning on the arbors on the arms of dancing girls; there were Giaours, Turkish sabers and fezzes; and above all there were wan landscapes of fantastic ountries: palm trees and pines were often combined in one picture with tigers on the right a lion on the left. (Flaubert 33. ) Emma’s dreams by this point are chaotic with both palms and pines mixed together with lions and tigers. These dreams continue and change themselves into a death wish as swans transform themselves into dying swans, and singing into funeral music. But Emma although bored with her fantasy refuses to admit it and she starts to revolt against the confines of the convent until the Mother Superior was glad to see The chapter about Emma Bovary’s education at the convent is ignificant not only because it provides the basis for Emma’s character, but also because the progression of images in this chapter is indicative of the entirety of the novel. The images progress from confinement to escape to chaos and disintegration. In Madame Bovary Emma changes from a women content with her marriage, to a women who escapes from the ordinariness of her everyday life through affairs and novels, to a women whose life is so chaotic that she disintegrates and kills herself. Indeed, Madame Bovary is like a poem comprised of a Emma Bovary found interest in the things around her which revent her boredom in her early education it was the novels she read, â€Å"They were filled with love affairs, lovers, mistresses, persecuted ladies fainting in lonely country houses. She also found interest in the sea but only because it was stormy. But all the things that Emma found interest in she soon became board of from Charles to Leon. This cycle of boredom and the progression of images of confinement, escape, and chaos, parallel both in the Chapter on Emma’s education and the novel as a whole the entire mural of the novel as Emma’s journey from boredom in reality to self-destruction in fantasy. How to cite Escape and Confinement in Flaubert’s Madame Bovary, Papers

Personality in Psychology for Reliability- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about thePersonality in Psychology for Reliability and Validity. Answer: Idiographic and the nomothetic approaches to the study of Psychology Scholars of personality fall into two main categories, those that patronize the idiographic school of thought and the nomothetic. Proponents of the idiographic approach hold the view that certain traits are held uniquely by one individual and for this reason; it is not possible to compare people like for like. The nomothetic approach on the other hand studies traits that are assumed to have similar psychological impacts for everyone (Beltz et al., 2016). The distinctive feature of these approaches could be the natural sciences and the social sciences. Natural science is known to produce laws and can be equated to the nomothetic approach while natural sciences whose main pre-occupation is interpretation of laws is comparable to the idiographic approach. Both of these approaches are similar in the sense that they both seek to understand the personality traits in individuals. reliability and validity In research, reliability and validity are used together to refer the level to which the tools of research ensure credible data. However, reliability applies to the capacity of a tool of research to obtain the same results when used severally on the same case or phenomenon (Hellen and Smith, 2015). As such, a reliable tool of research should not vary the scores of research over time. Validity on the other hand is the extent to which a tool of research obtains a score that represents the variable they are intended to measure. One of the ways of gauging validity is the measure of reliability. When a tool passes the test-retest reliability, then it is considered to be valid. Both these terms, therefore, are used to deduce the extent to which tools of research can produce credible results. Should intelligence be considered as a personality trait? The debate as to whether intelligence is a personality trait has dominated academic cycles over the years; those that disagree hold the view that since it is a cognitive process, it cannot be a personality trait (Di Fabio, 2016). However, a second school of thought opines that the distinction between what is cognitive and what is not is vague. They base their argument on the fact that all personality traits have cognitive attributes. Intelligence has been tested by IQ tests and persons of a cross section of personality traits have been found to score high on this test. This is because intelligence is an intrinsic ability that prepares an individual to make judgment in various situations. In certain circumstances, intelligence can influence the personality of an individual. For example, a highly intelligent person may take precaution when being rushed into a lucrative business deal. However, such traits may only be visible when crucial decisions have to be made and as such, intelligence should not be categorized as a personality trait. Methods of reducing response sets Response sets are scenarios where the respondents respond to questions in a way to portray the respondent in a certain light. The results of the survey in such cases do not portray the respondents actual behavoiur or feelings. To check this bias, instructors can either warn the respondents against inaccurate responses or they could request honesty. They could also ask them to take the test in a short time frame such that they only record their first thoughts (Johnson and Wythe, 2013). Instructors could also employ the use of multiple questions while assessing the same attribute. A dishonest respondent will be detected easily because he/she is likely to average the positive and negative responses in a deliberate move to balance the answers. Trick questions can be applied by an instructor especially multiple choice questions that contain no right answer. This technique may be used to probe earlier responses. Is Freudian Theory a good theory? Sigmund Freud is famous for his psychoanalytic theory of personality development. In his thoughts, personality is formed through conflict among the fundamental structures of id, ego and superego that exist in the mind of man. Freud postulated ideas about dreams stating that they serve to preserve sleep (Alexander and Hanns, 2017). This, according to Freud, happens by repressing as fulfilled wishes that could awaken the dreamer. He saw dreams as products of the daily occurrences and thoughts of man. Freud also promoted views that portrayed femininity as inferior to the male through such concepts as the Oedipus complex (Flemming, 2016). It is a good theory for study. Although Freudian thinking is still part of academic discourse, it seems to have been overtaken by modern understanding of concepts. The science about dreams has been studied further and there is proof that not all dreams are as a result of the thought processes of individuals. Some people have had premonitions through their dreams about future events. Contemporary thinking has also proven that the development of female sexuality was a defensive response that was based on the cultural structures during the Freudian era as opposed to the biological asymmetry as postulated by Freud. This theory has however provoked further study into human development and will remain a point of focus for many years to come. Although many of his ideas have been criticized, Freuds theory is a good theory as most of his critics havent provided revolutionary concepts opposing him. It is for this reason that Freudian theory will continue to be a guide to modern psychoanalysts. Works cited Alexander, F., and Hanns Sachs. "Sigmund Freud."Studies in Gender and Sexuality18 (2017): 2. Beltz, Adriene M., et al. "Bridging the nomothetic and idiographic approaches to the analysis of clinical data."Assessment23.4 (2016): 447-458. Di Fabio, Annamaria. "Beyond fluid intelligence and personality traits in social support: the role of ability based emotional intelligence."Frontiers in psychology6 (2015). Fleming, James. "Freud's Oedipus Complex Theory: Definition Overview."Study. com.. Np, nd Web20 (2016). Johnson, Dan R., and Wythe L. Whiting. "Detecting subtle expressions: Older adults demonstrate automatic and controlled positive response bias in emotional perception."Psychology and aging28.1 (2013): 172. Noble, Helen, and Joanna Smith. "Issues of validity and reliability in qualitative research."Evidence-Based Nursing(2015): ebnurs-2015.

Why focus on Environmental Protection Almost any Essay Example For Students

Why focus on Environmental Protection? Almost any Essay policy issue could serve to illustrate the significant themes, but environmental protection places them in particularly bold relief. It involves an extremely broad range of scientific information, including most of the physical, biological, and social sciences. The questions of risk and uncertainty that it presents are especially subtle. Furthermore, the environment provides an excellent example of what happens when these problems merge with other profound philosophical and political dilemmas. Our relationship with the environment raises fundamental issues about who we are and what we care about. It challenges a basic belief of industrial society; namely, that mastery of nature is mankinds greatest project. It may force a choice between health and beauty on the one hand and prosperity on the other. It requires us to consider our relationships not only to fellow humans but to plants and animals as well. First of all, an agency like EPA has substantial power, because of its expertise and its formal authority. Even when disputing its findings, all parties to a controversy often find themselves focusing on the information and analysis that EPA provides. The Environmental Protection Agency is unique among environmental regulatory agencies in that it deals with both public health and resource management issues. We will write a custom essay on Why focus on Environmental Protection? Almost any specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Its comprehensive authority is reflected in its position in the Executive Branch. It is the only regulatory agency whose administrator reports directly to the President. No single agency, however, can be understood in isolation. It is constantly influencing, and being influenced by, the courts, interest groups, the Congress, and other parts of Executive Branch. Our story really begins with the great movement to the suburbs after World WarII. Hoards of upwardly mobile white-collar workers left crowded cities for localities with clean air, gardens, and grass. However, the reality of suburban life smog, traffic jams and strip development too often left this rural fantasy unrealized. At the same time some rural folk watched with dismay as their small towns became urbanized. The population was becoming younger; more secure financially, and better educated. Between 1950 and 1974 the percentage of adults with some college education rose from 13.4 to 25.2%. This was coupled with a streak of unprecedented prosperity. Prosperity, leisure, mobility, and greater understanding of physical and biological science combined to create a new awareness of, and interest in, the natural world. The translation of widespread but unfocused public concern into specific policies and programs was shaped by the political institutions of the time. The characteristics of these institutions decisively affected the form and the content of the public debate about environmental questions, and the results that were obtained. The changes that occurred in political parties, in the media, and in the environmental community were of particular importance. Political Parties: Democrats confronted a decline in union membership and in the number of small farmers and a decrease in party loyalty among traditionally Democratic groups. Republicans were suffering from the continued depopulation of the smaller cities and town and rural areas. Each party saw its salvation in the suburbs. There resided the young, well-educated voters who were to become the foundation of environmentalism. Rural democrats deeply appreciated the public works projects that had brought electricity to their homes, paved roads to their doorstep, and saved heir land from the dual ravages of flood and drought. They were upset at the new criticism of such projects, as were the construction unions whose members built these same dams and roads. Republicans too were torn. Environmentalism risked antagonizing their traditional friends in the business community. Fiscal conservatives and opponents of government intrusion were also upset by demands for increased public and private spending on pollution control. Leaders in both parties sought to frame environmental programs to avoid these divisions. The resulting incoherence in the design of environmental programs was therefore due in part to the ambivalent motivations that produced them. Media: The second important development was the growing role of television news. Potentially very profitable, the news is substantially cheaper to produce than entertainment programs, and widely viewed. .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d , .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d .postImageUrl , .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d , .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d:hover , .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d:visited , .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d:active { border:0!important; } .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d:active , .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6e2215a81005b078f13454590ad6f28d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Signifigance Of Disease And Plauge In Hamlet Essay Local competition is especially intense because the local news is often the first show viewers watch each evening. This gives stations an opportunity to capture viewers for the entire evening. It has become industry gospel . Why focus on Environmental Protection Almost any Essay Example For Students Why focus on Environmental Protection? Almost any Essay policy issue could serve to illustrate the significant themes, but environmental protection places them in particularly bold relief. It involves an extremely broad range of scientific information, including most of the physical, biological, and social sciences. The questions of risk and uncertainty that it presents are especially subtle. Furthermore, the environment provides an excellent example of what happens when these problems merge with other profound philosophical and political dilemmas. Our relationship with the environment raises fundamental issues about who we are and what we care about. It challenges a basic belief of industrial society; namely, that mastery of nature is mankinds greatest project. It may force a choice between health and beauty on the one hand and prosperity on the other. It requires us to consider our relationships not only to fellow humans but to plants and animals as well. We will write a custom essay on Why focus on Environmental Protection? Almost any specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now First of all, an agency like EPA has substantial power, because of its expertise and its formal authority. Even when disputing its findings, all parties to a controversy often find themselves focusing on the information and analysis that EPA provides. The Environmental Protection Agency is unique among environmental regulatory agencies in that it deals with both public health and resource management issues. Its comprehensive authority is reflected in its position in the Executive Branch. It is the only regulatory agency whose administrator reports directly to the President. No single agency, however, can be understood in isolation. It is constantly influencing, and being influenced by, the courts, interest groups, the Congress, and other parts of Executive Branch. Our story really begins with the great movement to the suburbs after World WarII. Hoards of upwardly mobile white-collar workers left crowded cities for localities with clean air, gardens, and grass. However, the reality of suburban life smog, traffic jams and strip development too often left this rural fantasy unrealized. At the same time some rural folk watched with dismay as their small towns became urbanized. The population was becoming younger; more secure financially, and better educated. Between 1950 and 1974 the percentage of adults with some college education rose from 13.4 to 25.2%. This was coupled with a streak of unprecedented prosperity. Prosperity, leisure, mobility, and greater understanding of physical and biological science combined to create a new awareness of, and interest in, the natural world. The translation of widespread but unfocused public concern into specific policies and programs was shaped by the political institutions of the time. The characteristics of these institutions decisively affected the form and the content of the public debate about environmental questions, and the results that were obtained. The changes that occurred in political parties, in the media, and in the environmental community were of particular importance. Political Parties: Democrats confronted a decline in union membership and in the number of small farmers and a decrease in party loyalty among traditionally Democratic groups. Republicans were suffering from the continued depopulation of the smaller cities and town and rural areas. Each party saw its salvation in the suburbs. There resided the young, well-educated voters who were to become the foundation of environmentalism. Rural democrats deeply appreciated the public works projects that had brought electricity to their homes, paved roads to their doorstep, and saved heir land from the dual ravages of flood and drought. They were upset at the new criticism of such projects, as were the construction unions whose members built these same dams and roads. Republicans too were torn. Environmentalism risked antagonizing their traditional friends in the business community. Fiscal conservatives and opponents of government intrusion were also upset by demands for increased public and private spending on pollution control. Leaders in both parties sought to frame environmental programs to avoid these divisions. The resulting incoherence in the design of environmental programs was therefore due in part to the ambivalent motivations that produced them. .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a , .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a .postImageUrl , .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a , .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a:hover , .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a:visited , .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a:active { border:0!important; } .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a:active , .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u725706968ae7359c86f6b9621f208e7a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Segmentation and Tesco EssayMedia: The second important development was the growing role of television news. Potentially very profitable, the news is substantially cheaper to produce than entertainment programs, and widely viewed. Local competition is especially intense because the local news is often the first show viewers watch each evening. This gives stations an opportunity to capture viewers for the entire evening. It has become industry gospel that a good news segment must have (1) visual interest, (2) a strong story line, and (3) viewer identification with its outcome. Environmental stories meet all three requirements. Oil covered birds, belching smoke stacks, rusting storage drums, and inspection crews in moonsuits are all visually compelling. Environmental stories have the particular advantage that often the crew can set up at its leisure and have plenty of vivid footage to show in newscasts. This is not to say that media journalists concoct environmental stories. They do, however, have powerful incentives to accentuate their pictorial and dramatic qualities. As a result, viewers repeated encounter such disputes as life threatening contests between good and evil. Environmental Movement: The third important development involved the evolution of the environmental movement. Some environmental organization, The Sierra Club (1892), the Audubon Society (1905), the Wilderness Society (1935), and the National Wildlife Federation (1936), have existed for decades and have large numbers of members whose dues support their activities. But in the early 1970s, they were joined by newer organizations like the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) and the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC). These had fewer members and relied on grants from foundations for their sustenance. From the outset, their main goal was to influence governmental policy. EPAs purpose is to ensure that:All Americans are protected from significant risks to human health and the environment where they live, learn and work. National efforts to reduce environmental risk are based on the best available scientific information. Federal laws protecting human health and the environment are enforced fairly and effectively. Environmental protection is an integral consideration in US policies concerning natural resources, human health, economic growth, energy, transportation, agriculture, industry, and international trade, and these factors are similarly considered in establishing environmental policy. All parts of society communities, individuals, business, state and local governments have access to accurate information sufficient to effectively participate in managing human health and environmental risks. Environmental protection contributes to making our communities and ecosystems diverse, sustainable and economically productive. The United States plays a leadership role in working with other nations to protect the global environment. The domain of quality of life provides the proper strategic focus from EPA. This point of view does not ignore health or distributive justice but it places them in a wider perspective, one that EPA is well situated to offer. The concerns that comprise quality of life were critical elements of the early political mobilization for environmental improvement. They have reemerged in recent years due to three major factors: a heightened awareness of the damage that pollution does to recreation and aesthetics; a renewed consciousness of the role that land use and location decisions play in environmental policy making; and an increasing concern for the problem of residuals management. To focus on quality of life: What should be spent, required, forbidden, or provided to improve the quality of life in this or that place through increased environment protection efforts?This formulation emphasizes that the aim of the agency ought to be to improve the lot of actual people living in real places. It implies that finding places to put garbage and keeping beaches free of debris may well be more important than trying to reduce a statistical cancer risk from slightly more to slightly less than one in a million. This strategic formulation not only guides the deployment of limited agency resources, it also instructs the choice of whom it is most important to coordinate activities with. It implies that those parts of government that share the agencys focus upon the physical condition of cities and towns the department of Housing and Urban Development; the Department of Transportation; and the other federal, state, and local housing, transportation, industrial development, and urban recreation agencies are EPAs most important policy partners. .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d , .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d .postImageUrl , .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d , .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d:hover , .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d:visited , .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d:active { border:0!important; } .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d:active , .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u223833bb24863c78de155b3d043df31d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Why I Love Baseball EssayWhat kind of questions do citizens like us should encourage to ask EPA reflecting critical features of reality? Encouraging and assisting citizens to determine the future character of peoples community facilitates real deliberation about how a community should integrate a concern for environment safety with the other objectives it seeks. EPAs ability to structure the debate and supply pertinent information can help citizens to recognize that the most important question to be asked and the decisions to be made about the environment are political, not technical. This focus will also encourage the agency to be strategically responsive. If the key issues appear to be technical, as in how best to prevent cancer, they provide no real grounds for political debate. But Democrats and Republicans can and ought to provide alternative visions of what quality of life means and how best to achieve it. By articulating their point of view about this vital matter, EPAs leaders can be made meaningfully accountable and can provide a foundation upon which to build stronger and more durable support for the party they represent. Achieving any environmental result efficiently and effectively requires government to combine various kinds of professional and functional expertise. To get attention paid to specific consequences, all those same consequences have to be someones responsibility. At EPA, the appropriate specialists need to feel first and foremost that they are responsible for the final environmental result, not just for their narrow functions or specific activities. To do this, they must be brought together in the early stages of developing a rule, a standard, or a legislative proposal, thereby insuring that all the options, and their ramifications, can be fully appreciated. Technical experts who understand the relevant natural systems and engineering alternatives must interact with lawyers and management specialists to produce a program that will function effectively in human as well as technical terms. This collaboration should occur in an atmosphere that encourages an open exchange of views on both means and ends, an exchange in which strategic options are clarified. This journey through such complex political and bureaucratic detail was intended to convey a simple idea. A democratic society produces citizens as much as it does goods or services. In a country like the United States, with so much freedom, technological dynamism, and decentralized initiative, there will always be problems adapting to growth and change. Citizens learn about their world and define their political relationships to each other as they struggle with such new problems as how much is owed to the ill, and what types of risks are to be considered illegitimate. These policy deliberations are the classrooms of the republic. Finally, government played an important role in cultivating new understandings of international relations and racial inequality. It can do the same with the realities of environmental protection. I admire the energy and public-spiritedness of the agency officials. Exactly because I have such respect for them we have tried to offer a sophisticated and complex view of the role that public officials can play in getting to the future Americans wish for themselves and their children. BIBLIOGRAPHYLandy, Mark K. (1990) The Environmental Protection Agency. New York: Oxford University Press. Chapter 1-2,10Douglas, Carter. (1964) Power in Washington. New York: Random House. Hugh, Heclo. Issue Networks and the Executive Establishment, in Anthony King, ed., the New American Political System (Washington D.C.: The American Enterprise Institute, 1978) 87-124. Epstein, Edward, News From Nowhere: Television, Politics, and the News (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1975).